Pakistan Society of Echocardiography

Transthoracic echocardiography revealed enlarged right sided chambers with RV base = 3.6 cm, mid 3.1 cm and length 6.1 cm whereas RA diameters were 4.5 and 4.4 cm. Proximal RVOT was 3.2 cm (2.67 cm/m sq.; N= < 1.9 cm sq.). Pulmonary artery main and branches were of normal caliber whereas IVC was dilated (2.3 cm) with < 50% collapse with respiration. RV free wall was highly echogenic and very thin approx. 2mm. A patent foramen ovale with Right to Left shunt was noted,